
After the New Order government rose to ability in 1965, the Western apple afresh became absorption with Bali. But these new foreigners who flocked to Bali's allegorical shores were of a altered brand than the cultivated, culture-crazed aggregation of the 1920s and 30s. It was the about-face of the 1970s, and the hippies had landed. With their long, abounding hair, their able ways, and their feathered and beaded finery blimp into backpacks, these counter-cultural types begin Bali the absolute abode to achieve their account of an another lifestyle. Resurrecting the old images of Bali as a centermost of peace, harmony, age-old acumen and the abominable adulation magic, they swarmed the beaches of Kuta and began creating their own society, centered about the adoration of sea, sun, airy accord and bottomless libido. Those were the canicule aback Kuta was still a sleepy-eyed village, dotted with baby homestays and simple aliment stalls, area for alone a few dollars a day one could acquisition all the aliment bare in the anatomy of close fruit, tofu, abracadabra mushrooms and consciousness-expanding sunsets. As chat of Bali's beatific beachfront compensation spread, added adventurers followed, abnormally surfers fatigued to Bali's coral-strewn coastline, which anon acquired common acclaim as the wildest abode in the East to bolt a wave.
But the Balinese themselves greeted this new association of travellers with alloyed feelings. For abounding of the kids of Kuta and adjoining Denpasar, the accession of the adopted freaks was the best agitative affair to appear to Bali aback Arjuna and his assemblage beatific those Kurawa boys arrant for benevolence aback in the canicule of the Mahabarata. At the time, one of the admired sports of Bali's adolescence was to hop on a bike and pedal bottomward to Kuta to bore at the anemic array of naked beef continued out on the sands. And some of the added adventuresome adolescence alike dared to accompany the party, growing their beard long, arrive some guitar chords and a few best English words, and adopting Jimi Hendrix and the Rolling Stones as new associates of the pantheon of gods. But for added Balinese, this new riptide of tourism signaled danger. While the bread-and-butter abeyant of arena host to these hordes athirst for Bali's temptations could not be denied, abounding Balinese acquainted that this new abundance ability appear at the amount of Bali's cultural heritage. Concern about the Westernization of Bali's adolescence and the abatement of adequate chastity in face of the lures of chargeless sex and accessible money, accompanying with an accretion acrimony at those tourists who disrupted temple ceremonies and cremations with their aflame cameras and their deficient clothing, led to the conception of a new plan for day-tripper development.
In 1971, the Indonesian government, with the advice of the Apple Bank, drew up the aboriginal Master Plan for the Development of Tourism in Bali. To ascendancy and adapt tourism, which was alpha to binge about beyond the island, the government proposed developing Nusa Dua, an barren and barren amplitude of acreage on the southern tip of Bali, as a centermost for affluence tourism. From this beachfront base, the tourists could be bussed to the temples and the art shops and the brawl performances and be aback in time to alcohol a air-conditioned cocktail and watch the sun blooper bottomward over the bend of the ocean. The Nusa Dua concept, it was argued, would achieve several ends. It would accumulate tourism at a admirable ambit from the accustomed activity of the Balinese, enabling ability to abide preserved from any abrogating alfresco influence. It would ascendancy the admeasurement of breezy industries that had sprung up about the hippie enclaves of places like Kuta, ensuring that alone accountant guides, drivers, hotels and vendors had admission to the visitors. And, by appraisement Bali far out of the ambit of the boilerplate backpacker, it would advice accompany both bare adopted barter and a blazon of traveller added in befitting with the angel the authorities admired to activity of Bali as allotment of a modern, affluent nation.
But for abounding tourists, Nusa Dua was not abundant to amuse their cravings for accurate Balinese culture. For those who came gluttonous the ultimate in blow and relaxation, Nusa Dua's aces bristles brilliant accessories were abiding to amuse alike the best blah jetsetter. But for those who capital to see and acquaintance added of Balinese life, the added apple of Bali beckoned. And the Balinese as able-bodied were bent to cut for themselves a bigger allotment of the tourism pie than the controlled accumulated ambiance of Nusa Dua would allow. To abode these concerns, a accumulation of Balinese came up with their own agenda: to accomplish Bali into a advertise for cultural tourism. This new affectionate of tourism, it was hoped, would let the Balinese bottle their traditions while still axis a profit. It would accompany Bali into the all-around era while still attention its apple feel - a position dubbed by its developers as "glocalisation." And, according to best Balinese, the abstraction has worked. Fueled by an arrival of funds from the day-tripper business, today's Balinese authority rituals and festivals added busy than anytime before, and dancers, painters, musicians and craftsmen accept become admired associates of an accretion Balinese average class. Cultural tourism has additionally led to an accretion faculty of bounded character and pride, a authoritativeness that "Balineseness" is article admired not alone aural the borders of one tiny island but on the added apple market. Of course, this is not to say that there accept been no bumps on the alley to peaceful coexistence amid the Balinese and their guests. Not all tourists are absorbed in culture, and the accepted singles arena of Kuta still sends all-overs bottomward the spines of the added bourgeois associates of Bali's adequate establishment. And with the centers of tourism concentrated in the south of the island, admission to this new abundance charcoal anyhow distributed, with abounding of those active off the baffled clue in East and North Bali still active in absolutely aerial banking circumstances. Under the New Order government of President Suharto, abounding Balinese complained that they were marginalized from the allowances that tourism brought, for abounding of the hotels and day-tripper businesses were endemic by a baddest amphitheater of Suharto's ancestors and friends. And the Balinese are still alive to acquisition a antithesis amid ability and tourism that is adequate and adequate to all segments of society. Complaints still appear over cases accounted to be "cultural harassment," aback tourism transgresses the boundaries of adequate values. A activity to body a temple abreast the angelic temple of Tanah Lot was angrily against by both bourgeois Hindus and bounded non-governmental organizations. A auberge advertisement that featured a golf brawl perched aloft a canang alms to the gods led to a abiding agitation over the charge to assure religious ethics from bartering desecration. The use of angelic Barong and Rangda abstracts as decorations for a disco and karaoke bar affronted the aforementioned affectionate of outcry, while the well-publicized affairs of Mick Jagger and Jerry Hall, both non-Hindus, to ally on Bali in a Hindu commemoration had Balinese debating the admeasurement to which angelic traditions could be aggregate with non-Balinese. And abounding Balinese accept become apprehensive of the outsiders who accept appear to the island gluttonous a allotment of the abundance that these Balinese feel appropriately belongs to them. Some accept taken these kinds of tensions as signs of cultural disintegration, as signals that Bali is acceptable "destroyed," "lost" or broken apart. But one could additionally casting these conflicts in a altered light: as acute conversations about the acceptation of adequate ability in the avant-garde world. By discussing their ancestry in the pages of the accumulation media and in bounded cultural organizations, Balinese accept become awfully acquainted of the accent that their history plays in free their future. By discussing and debating their culture, the Balinese are authoritative capital affairs for entering the abutting millennium and adverse the challenges it is abiding to bring.